Population estimates of spotted hyenas in Addo Elephant National Park
This project aimed to determine the current population size of spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in Addo Elephant National Park (AENP).
No specific study has been conducted on population trends since hyena was reintroduced into AENP in 2003 and 2004 from Kruger National Park and Madikwe Game Reserve. Each re-introduction comprised four individuals: two males and two females.
Population estimates were derived from photographs of spotted hyenas obtained from a number of sources, including camera traps deployed across the park at water sources and along game paths for black rhino monitoring; photos from day-to-day sightings taken by staff; and ID photos taken during hyena captures, collaring and call-ups. These photos were used to build individual identification kits (ID-Kits) of the spotted hyenas as their coat spot patterns are unique.
The spot patterns from photos obtained over a 12-month period were compared to each other, and referenced against characteristic features, such as scars and cuts. ID-Kits were developed for 31 individuals from these photographs, which confirmed a minimum population size of 31 hyena in 2021, excluding cubs that were still at dens.
This spotted hyena has a distinctive scar (highlighted on the face in red) and a missing back foot, that clearly distinguishes it from other individuals when captured on camera traps (Photo: Charlene Bissett)
A “camera trap photo”, clearly showing the unique spot pattern on the coat of this spotted hyena (Photo: Charlene Bissett)
This article was written by Portia Chake and originally published in the 2021/2022 Research Report.